{"id":19980,"date":"2021-01-11T09:29:51","date_gmt":"2021-01-11T13:29:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aladyr.net\/?p=19980"},"modified":"2021-01-11T09:33:17","modified_gmt":"2021-01-11T13:33:17","slug":"una-desalinizacion-mas-eficiente-gracias-a-la-nanotecnologia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/aladyr.net\/en\/una-desalinizacion-mas-eficiente-gracias-a-la-nanotecnologia\/","title":{"rendered":"Una desalinizaci\u00f3n m\u00e1s eficiente gracias a la nanotecnolog\u00eda"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Un grupo de cient\u00edficos ha descubierto que las membranas de desalinizaci\u00f3n son m\u00e1s eficientes si tienen una estructura homog\u00e9nea a nanoescala. Esta informaci\u00f3n abre el camino para un posible dise\u00f1o industrial de membranas de \u00f3smosis hasta un 40% m\u00e1s efectivas, vitales para un futuro con menos disponibilidad agua<\/h6>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\" \/>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elagoradiario.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/desalinizaci%C3%B3n-1140x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><figcaption>La densidad de las membranas de filtraci\u00f3n, incluso a escala at\u00f3mica, puede afectar en gran medida la cantidad de agua limpia que se puede producir<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>La&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.elagoradiario.com\/agua\/reciclaje-de-aguas-residuales-de-la-estruvita-a-la-reutilizacion-agricola\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">reutilizaci\u00f3n de las aguas residuales<\/a>&nbsp;es una de las diversas t\u00e9cnicas a nuestra disposici\u00f3n para adaptarnos a la escasez de recursos h\u00eddricos, como tambi\u00e9n lo es la&nbsp;<strong>desalinizaci\u00f3n<\/strong>&nbsp;del agua mar\u00edtima. Si en el primero de los casos se intenta que el agua que hemos desechado vuelva a ser apta para el consumo, en el segundo supuesto&nbsp;<strong>se transforma el agua oce\u00e1nica en otra con m\u00e1s salidas<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>En este \u00faltimo caso, las infraestructuras h\u00eddricas m\u00e1s innovadoras hacen uso de&nbsp;<strong>membranas de poliamida<\/strong>&nbsp;para liberar de sal al agua del mar a trav\u00e9s de un proceso te\u00f3ricamente sencillo de \u00f3smosis inversa, pero complejo debido a la extrema&nbsp;<strong>delgadez y variabilidad interna de las membranas<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ahora, gracias a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/science.sciencemag.org\/content\/371\/6524\/72\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">un grupo de expertos de distintas entidades<\/a>&nbsp;educativas de los Estados Unidos de Am\u00e9rica, el proceso se ha podido perfeccionar en parte con ayuda de los&nbsp;<strong>avances en investigaci\u00f3n a nanoescala<\/strong>, que les ha permitido crear estructuras ultradelgadas uniformes que son mucho m\u00e1s eficientes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cLas membranas de&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.elagoradiario.com\/agorapedia\/agua-fuente-energia-hidroelectrica-electrolisis\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00f3smosis<\/a>&nbsp;inversa se utilizan ampliamente para limpiar el agua, pero todav\u00eda&nbsp;<strong>hay mucho que no sabemos sobre ellas<\/strong>\u201c, explica Manish Kumar, profesor asociado en el Departamento de Ingenier\u00eda Civil, Arquitect\u00f3nica y Ambiental de UT Austin, quien codirigi\u00f3 la investigaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Una densidad m\u00e1s consistente en toda la membrana es m\u00e1s importante que el grosor para maximizar la producci\u00f3n de agua<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cNo podr\u00edamos decir realmente c\u00f3mo se mueve el agua a trav\u00e9s de ellos, por lo que todas las mejoras de los \u00faltimos 40 a\u00f1os se han realizado esencialmente en la oscuridad\u201d, a\u00f1ade el autor que, por otro lado, afirma que estos a\u00f1os atr\u00e1s se pens\u00f3 que, a&nbsp;<strong>medida que crec\u00eda el grosor de la membrana, menos agua se pod\u00eda limpiar<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Con este estudio demuestran que el grosor no importa tanto como evitar regiones de nanoescala altamente densas o \u201czonas muertas\u201d. En cierto sentido, una densidad m\u00e1s consistente en toda la membrana es m\u00e1s importante que el grosor para maximizar la producci\u00f3n de agua, seg\u00fan Enrique G\u00f3mez, profesor de Ingenier\u00eda Qu\u00edmica y Ciencia e Ingenier\u00eda de Materiales en Penn State, quien dirigi\u00f3 la investigaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.elagoradiario.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/tecnologia-desalinizaci%C3%B3n.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-71440\" \/><figcaption>Kaitlin Brickey, frente al microscopio electr\u00f3nico de barrido que permiti\u00f3 a los investigadores examinar c\u00f3mo las bolsas densas en las membranas podr\u00edan obstaculizar la filtraci\u00f3n de agua | Foto: Tyler Henderson \/ Penn State<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>De hecho, esa compensaci\u00f3n podr\u00eda aumentar la eficiencia de la membrana entre&nbsp;<strong>un 30% y un 40%<\/strong>, seg\u00fan los investigadores, lo que resultar\u00eda en m\u00e1s agua filtrada con menos energ\u00eda y, en definitiva, un posible<strong>&nbsp;ahorro en los costes para los procesos de desalinizaci\u00f3n<\/strong>&nbsp;actuales.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cLa gesti\u00f3n del agua dulce se est\u00e1 convirtiendo en un&nbsp;<strong>desaf\u00edo crucial en todo el mundo<\/strong>\u201c, explica Enrique G\u00f3mez. \u201cEscasez, sequ\u00eda\u2026 con el aumento de los patrones clim\u00e1ticos severos se espera que este problema se vuelva a\u00fan m\u00e1s significativo. Es de vital importancia tener agua limpia disponible, especialmente en \u00e1reas de bajos recursos\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>El equipo se encuentra en estos momentos estudiando la estructura de las membranas, as\u00ed como las reacciones qu\u00edmicas involucradas en el proceso de desalaci\u00f3n. Tambi\u00e9n est\u00e1n examinando c\u00f3mo desarrollar las&nbsp;<strong>mejores membranas para materiales espec\u00edficos<\/strong>, como membranas sostenibles, pero resistentes, que pueden prevenir la formaci\u00f3n de crecimiento bacteriano.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cContinuamos impulsando nuestras t\u00e9cnicas con m\u00e1s&nbsp;<strong>materiales de alto rendimiento<\/strong>&nbsp;con el objetivo de dilucidar los factores cruciales de la filtraci\u00f3n eficiente\u201d, concluye G\u00f3mez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Fuente: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elagoradiario.com\/agua\/membranas-desalinizacion-nanoescala-eficiencia\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.elagoradiario.com\/agua\/membranas-desalinizacion-nanoescala-eficiencia\/<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Un grupo de cient\u00edficos ha descubierto que las membranas de desalinizaci\u00f3n son m\u00e1s eficientes si tienen una estructura homog\u00e9nea a nanoescala. Esta informaci\u00f3n abre el camino para un posible dise\u00f1o industrial de membranas de \u00f3smosis hasta un 40% m\u00e1s efectivas, vitales para un futuro con menos disponibilidad agua<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2873,"featured_media":19982,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[62],"tags":[1879,2448,1880],"class_list":["post-19980","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-noticias","tag-desalacion","tag-desalinizacion","tag-reuso-de-agua"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Una desalinizaci\u00f3n m\u00e1s eficiente gracias a la nanotecnolog\u00eda - Aladyr<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Bienvenido al Blog Aladyr. \u00ecinformate sobre las novedades del mundo del agua!\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/aladyr.net\/en\/una-desalinizacion-mas-eficiente-gracias-a-la-nanotecnologia\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Una desalinizaci\u00f3n m\u00e1s eficiente gracias a la nanotecnolog\u00eda - 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